Indonesian Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science

Monitoring The Effort Curve In Physical Education For Normal And Overweight Students Using Smartwatches And Mobile Applications

Pârvu Carmen — 2024-10-03

Study purpose. In physical education and sports lessons, correctly dosing effort is essential for optimising physical performance and adapting effort parameters, including breaks, in line with physiological principles. The study hypothesises that using smart-watches and mobile apps to monitor effort in middle school physical education lessons will reveal significant differences in effort and heart rate between overweight and average BMI students. Modern technology is expected to enhance understanding of students' physical exertion, facilitating adjustments to programs based on health status and fitness level.

Material and method. The study involved 45 students (average age 13.5 years) using 15 Xiaomi 8 smart-watches, phones, Wi-Fi, the Mi Fit app, and other devices to analyse body composition. Data on heart rate and BMI were collected during lessons, which followed the same theme and effort dosage. The Mi Fit app provided detailed aerobic and anaerobic exertion analyses. Parental consent was obtained, and data collection was done under routine lesson conditions. The technology aimed to improve performance and customise programs, offering a personalised approach to physical education. Real-time data transfer enabled accurate analysis of physical effort, promoting healthier lifestyles and better lesson adaptation by teachers.

Results. A significant interaction between heart rate and BMI steps (p < 0.01) shows different cardiovascular adaptations to exercise based on BMI. MANOVA confirmed the significant impact of these variables on heart rate, and post hoc comparisons showed differences between weight categories, except between overweight and extremely obese groups. These results highlight the need to tailor physical education programs to BMI categories to optimise cardiovascular health and performance.

Conclusion. Results suggest that monitoring the effort curve using modern technologies, such as smart-watches and mobile apps, provides valuable information for adjusting and optimising physical education lessons, especially for overweight and obese students.

Motivation of Running Community Members in Semarang City

Wahyu Fitri Adi — 2024-10-06

Studi purpose. This study aims to determine the level of motivation among running community members in Semarang City regarding the sport of running.

Materials and methods. This study uses a research method employing a survey approach. The subjects in the study are members of a running community in Semarang City, totaling 50 people. Consisting of 40 men and 10 women. The research instrument uses a motivation questionnaire that has been tested for validity with a value of 0.36 - 0.75 and a reliability value of 0.946. The data analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive analysis by finding the mean, standard of deviation, minimum and maximum value, data analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 25 version.

Results. Based on the results of the research on the motivation of running community members in Semarang show that their motivation level reaches 60%, which falls into the very high motivation category. In terms of intrinsic motivation, 50% of the running community members in Semarang are influenced by enjoyment aspect, with a percentage value of 35% and the fitness aspect 35%, both categorized as very high. Meanwhile, extrinsic motivation has a percentage value of 45%, driven by social interaction with 53% of the running community members in Semarang falling into the very high motivation category.

Conclusions. Based on the research findings, the motivation level of running community members in Semarang City to engage in running is classified as very high, influenced by intrinsic motivations such as enjoyment and fitness, as well as extrinsic motivations like social interaction.

The Effect of Using Different Geometric Shapes and Different Colors on the Development of Basic Football Skills

Ali Qutaiba Younus — 2024-10-18

The research aims to reveal the impact of proposed educational programs using different geometric shapes and various colors in the development of the art of skill performance for a number of basic football skills among fifth grade middle school students, experimental approach was used. The research community was represented by the fifth grade of middle school which numbered (133) students. The sample consisted of three divisions (a, c, d), they were deliberately selected, to match and approximate the hours of daily lessons, and thus the number of the sample for the three divisions reached (99) students, and a number of members of the sample were excluded, thus reaching the final sample number (42) students divided into (3) experimental groups by (14) students for each experimental group, and with a percentage of (31,587%) of the original community, The proposed educational programs were distributed to the groups by lottery, and the implementation of the educational programs took six weeks, distributed by two educational units per week for each group and the time of the educational unit was (45) minutes, and in light of the results of the research, the researchers concluded that the three educational programs have a positive impact on the development of the art of performing the basic skills selected in football, and the second experimental group, which was used (geometric shapes with cold colors), the researchers recommended emphasizing the use of geometric shapes with cold colors in the design of skill exercises used in the applied part of the lesson.

Forehand And Backhand Ability Of Table Tennis Athletes: How Much Is The Effect With Multiball Training?

M. Aufa Rifki Al Farrel — 2024-10-21

Study purpose. The purpose of this study is to determine 1) The effect of multiball training on forehand shots. 2) The effect of multiball training results on backhand shots. 3) Comparison of the results of forehand and backhand shot techniques using the multiball training method on the training results of table tennis union athletes sekar kemuning permai Cirebon City. The problem in this study was to determine the effect of table tennis multiball training on the ability of forehand and backhand shots at PTM SKP Athletes in Cirebon City.

Materials and methods. This study used an experimental method with a 'pretest - posttest group design' design. The population in this study were 16 athletes of PTM SKP Cirebon City. Sampling of this study was done by purposive sampling. The instrument used multiball training on the accuracy of forehand and backhand shots. Data analysis using t test significance level 52.08% (Forehand) and 53.01% (Backhand).

Results. The results showed that (1) There is an effect of multiball training on forehand shots with t count 4.710 and t table 2.365 and significance 0.002 <0.05. (2) There is an effect of multiball training on backhand shots with tcount 3,550 and ttable 2,365 and a significance value of 0.009 <0.05. (3) There is an increase in accuracy of forehand and backhand shots, with a percentage of forehand results of 52.08% and backhand 53.01%.

Conclusions. From these results it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of multiball training on the accuracy of forehand and backhand.

Evaluation of Penalty Corner Success Rates for Indoor Hockey Players

Sumbara Hambali — 2024-10-24

Study purpose. Penalty corner is a situation that can be used as an opportunity to increase the score in indoor hockey. However, sometimes players cannot take advantage of this situation, so the opportunity to score a goal is lost. One of the reasons is that coaches pay very little attention to penalty corner training, so they don't have data about the abilities of their players. The aim of this research is to determine the success rate of penalty corners for STKIP Pasundan Cimahi indoor hockey players.

Materials and methods. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive research method with a survey approach. The research subjects involved were indoor hockey athletes who were members of the STKIP Pasundan indoor hockey team who competed in the National Championship at Jakarta State University in May 2023, totaling 11 men. For the research instrument, the penalty corner test was used, which researchers analyzed starting from feeder-stopper-shooter and also success in putting the ball into the goal. The analysis uses a percentage approach, to see how successful the athletes are in taking penalty corners, and also what category they fall into.

Results. The results of research conducted on evaluating the success rate of penalty corners for STKIP Pasundan indoor hockey players were good, based on consideration of the highest frequency in the above average category amounting to 6 people or 54.5%, high amounting to 2 people or 18.2% and in the average category 3 people or 27.3%.

Conclusions. Based on the research results obtained in data analysis, it can be concluded that the success rate of penalty corners for STKIP Pasundan room hockey players is included in the good category. It is hoped that the results of this research will open up insight for hockey coaches in evaluating their palyers' penalty corners.

Performance Level of Physical Education Students: Basis for the Development of Task-Based Teaching Strategies

Abegail B. Limbo — 2024-10-27

Study purpose. In teaching Physical Education (PE), one must have a repertoire of suitable teaching strategies to facilitate learners' competencies. Thus, this study aims to determine the performance level of the Grade 10 PE students and the extent of implementation of the Grade 10 PE curriculum in Mahaplag, Leyte Division, with the end view of designing a task-based teaching strategy in Physical Education.

Materials and methods. This research utilized a descriptive survey research method involving six hundred sixty (660) Grade 10 students, six (6) PE teachers, six (6) department heads and coordinators, and two (2) school heads categorized as principals of the respondent schools employing total population. The study used an achievement test and a self-structured questionnaire with 5-point scale responses to gather the needed data.

Results. Results revealed an average performance level of students in PE; the content learning areas were satisfactorily undertaken; the performance standards were satisfactorily developed; the teaching and learning strategies were sometimes utilized; and the instructional procedures on experiential learning activities were sometimes undertaken. These findings highlight teachers' need to enhance the delivery of content learning areas and diversify teaching strategies in implementing the Grade 10 PE curriculum.

Conclusions. The study underscores the potential of task-based teaching strategies to foster student engagement and improve performance outcomes in physical education, suggesting further research into innovative pedagogical approaches.

Analysis Of The Cognitive Content Of Two Types Of Swimming According To Content Organization Indicators And Their Impact On Technical Performance And Achievement

Muhammad Suhail Najm Al-Hamdani — 2024-10-29

Study purpose. University curricula need continuous review, analysis, change, and development due to their strong association with methodological variables. The analysis of the scientific material for swimming (the textbook) according to the indicators of organizing the educational content for swimming activities should be followed to identify the shortcomings and strengths and then follow up on modern educational directives. The study aims to reveal the degree of inclusion of indicators of organizing the educational content for swimming events. Also, it seeks to select and organize proposed educational content for the freestyle and breaststroke swimming events.

Material and methods. The researchers used two approaches; the first was the descriptive approach, using content analysis to analyze and evaluate the textbook for the swimming subject (freestyle and breaststroke events). The researchers prepared a list of educational content organization indicators for swimming events. The second approach was the experimental approach, as the design of the control and experimental groups was used, and the number of sample members was (30) female students. The content application took eight weeks, at a rate of one educational unit per week.

Results. The results showed that the experimental group students excelled in achievement and technical performance in freestyle and breaststroke swimming due to the proposed educational content selected according to logical and scientific selection criteria.

Conclusion. The researchers concluded that proposing and implementing educational programs according to strict scientific and international standards is important. This reflects positively on students' teaching and learning activities.

Exploring Traditional Games with a Literature Review: How Do They Impact Children's Motor Skills?

Baharuddin Hasan — 2024-10-29

Study purpose. This study examines the impact of traditional games on children's motor development, as well as to identify the educational values contained therein.

Materials and methods. This study uses PRISMA guidelines and uses the PICO method data collection technique. By searching and collecting relevant articles using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus obtained with the help of the ‘Publish or Perish’ application.

Results. The results showed that traditional games, such as hadangan, clogs and egrang batok, significantly improved children's gross and fine motor skills. In addition, games such as gobak sodor and jump rope proved effective in improving coordination and cooperation skills. The study also found that physical activity in traditional games supports children's cognitive and social development, such as communication skills, co-operation and creativity.

Conclusion. In conclusion, traditional games have significant benefits for children's gross motor, social and cognitive development. Research shows that games such as hadangan clogs, egrang batok, gobak sodor, and jump rope not only improve physical skills and coordination, but also cooperation and communication skills among children. In addition, traditional games contribute to the development of children's creativity and critical thinking.

Impact of the Constructivist EDGA Model on Learning Some Basic Volleyball Skills for Middle School Female Students

Amena Kareem Hussein — 2024-11-06

Study purpose. This research aimed to identify the effect of using the constructivist EDGA model on developing female students’ performance of some basic volleyball skills.

Material and methods. The researcher used the experimental method with an equivalent group design with a pre-test and post-test to suit the nature of the research problem. The researcher then identified the research population as the fourth-grade middle school students at the March 11 Girls’ Middle School in the Kirkuk Education Directorate, who numbered (151) students. The researcher used the statistical package to reach scientific results on which she based her research conclusions.

Results. The study found significant differences in basic volleyball skills (underhand serve, overhand pass, and underhand pass) in favour of the experimental with the arithmetic mean for basic volleyball skills (36.700, 28.950, 25.350), respectively. However, the control group obtained the arithmetic mean (26.050, 20.850, 18.150), respectively. The constructivist EDGA model was used in the curriculum, stimulating students' minds and helping them develop. The development unit's clear goals, aligned with the student's current level, will enhance learning and help achieve the educational objectives.

Conclusions. One of the most important of these is using the educational curriculum according to the constructivist EDGA model, which has achieved remarkable development in basic volleyball skills. Using the stages and steps of the EDGA model, along with the nature of the skills and the sample level, led to the theoretical and practical learning of research skills. The research recommendations came as follows: Emphasizing the adoption of the EDGA model in educational curricula related to learning sports skills. Urging the use of modern methods and models in learning basic volleyball skills.

Efforts To Improve Shooting Accuracy Through The Target Situations Game Approach In Petanque Sports

Ghani Henkaryansyah — 2024-11-09

Study purpose. This study sought to ascertain whether the target scenario game strategy improved petanque shot accuracy. Training with target situation games seeks to accomplish a certain goal, which calls for coordination, accuracy, and precision.

Materials and Methods. True Experimental One Group Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design is the name given to this kind of study. 16 participants made up the study's population. The study's sample consisted of sixteen individuals. This study's sample was selected using the total sampling technique. The shooting game is the test tool employed in this study. This study's data analysis employed the Statistical Product for Social Science (SPSS) version 29 program for data processing, along with the normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis tests.

Results. Based on the results of the analysis in the experimental group, the t test was 7.690 and in the control group it was 6.355> t table 1.761, Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted.

Conclusion. That there is an effect of shooting accuracy through a game situation approach.

Inclusive Disability Sports Coaching Strategy: A Case Study

Andi Baso Husain — 2024-11-14

Study purpose. Disabled sports in Sinjai Regency still face various challenges, despite the great potential possessed by athletes. This study aims to develop an inclusive disability sport coaching strategy in Sinjai District to increase the participation and achievement of athletes with disabilities.

Material and method. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, this research involved in-depth interviews with various stakeholders, such as the Kadispora, the Head of Koni, the National Paralympic Committee (NPC), and disabled sports activists.

Result. The results showed that the main obstacles faced include the lack of licensed coaches, the lack of disability-friendly facilities and infrastructure, and the non-optimal management of NPC Sinjai. Therefore, the proposed strategies include reactivation of NPC Sinjai, recruitment of licensed coaches, improvement of facilities and infrastructure, and close collaboration between the local government and related organisations. Hopefully, the implementation of this strategy will be able to support the achievements of Sinjai disabled athletes to the national and international levels.

Conclusion. With the synergy between the NPC, local government, coaches, and the community, Sinjai has a great opportunity to become a national example in creating an inclusive and supportive sports ecosystem. Consistent implementation of this strategy is expected to not only produce outstanding athletes, but also establish Sinjai Regency as a pioneer in fighting for equality and success in the field of disability sports in Indonesia.

Motion Analysis of Sreng Traditional Game: The Ideal Technique

Achmad Setiyo Wibowo — 2024-11-20

Studi purpose. This study aims to determine the ideal technique in playing sreng game.

Materials and methods. This research uses a descriptive analysis method to present a complete explanation of the results of quantitative research. The data collection techniques used in this study include surveys, observations and documentation which are then analyzed to retrieve kinematic data such as time, angle and distance. The population in this study were students of the Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang who were members of KDOT as many as 20 people. The data analysis technique uses Kinovea Software version 0.9.5, which makes it easy to observe movements clearly and in detail.

Results. The results found that the average step distance obtained was 1.493 ± 0.172 meters, the limb angle was 54.36 ± 8.695 degrees, the right elbow flexion angle was 129.04 ± 12.055 degrees, and the torso flexion angle was 20.03 ± 6.225 degrees. The time required to perform the movement obtained an average of 0.733 ± 0.136 seconds with an average speed generated of 2.10 ± 0.458 m/s. The average height of the handle produced was 0.707 ± 0.080 meters and the height of the iron was 0.158 ± 0.066 meters.

Conclusions. This study found that based on the analysis of footsteps, there is a significant difference between the right and left steps, which is due to the adjustment of movements to balance the sreng. In addition, grip height and iron contact also play an important role in maintaining balance to be able to control the sreng iron well, iron contact must be low and close to the ground, so that balance in steps and controlling sreng can be maintained.

Groundstroke Training Equipment Innovation for Beginner Tennis Players

Lazuardy Akbar Fauzan — 2024-11-26

Study Purpose. Forehand and backhand groundstrokes are the basic strokes in tennis that need to be mastered. The training process needs to be supported by the availability of training equipment facilities so that it can help athletes and coaches to achieve training goals. The aim of this research is to produce an innovative tennis groundstroke training tool for beginner players. The novelty in this research is that it produces an innovative tennis groundstroke training tool that can be used for forehand and backhand training.

Materials and Methods. This research is research and development research. The research design in the research uses the ADDIE development model. The sample was 19 novice tennis players from Sabumi Tennis Club Banjarbaru.

Result. 1) The development of training equipment has gone through the stage of identifying the needs of athletes and coaches with the results in the very needed category, 2) The results of validation testing obtained an expert validity score of 90.47% in the very good category, 3) The small trial stage obtained a score of 85.4% in very good category. The large trial stage obtained a score of 89.56% in the very good category. 4) The response of the trainer who carried out the assessment concluded that the training tools were very suitable and useful to be applied in the training process.

Conclusion. 1) Researchers produced a training tool called "Double Drop ball". 2) This tool can be used to practice forehand and backhand groundstrokes for beginner players. 3) The advantage of this tool is that it can be used for forehand and backhand groundstroke training 4) The disadvantage of this tool is that it is limited to groundstroke practice 5) Recommendations for researchers can develop a multifunctional tool for practicing other basic techniques.

Development of Virtual Hologram Audio Visualizer Box Technology to Improve Physical Fitness

Arief Darmawan — 2024-12-08

Study purpose. Develop virtual hologram box technology in improving the physical fitness of junior high school students

Materials and methods. Study adopted the research and development of Borg and Gall which is divided into planning, development and implementation stages. Subjects of this study consisted of junior high school students in grade VII with a sample size of 24 students, small-scale trials were taken with 8 students and for large-scale trials were taken with 16 students, in sampling the researcher used proportional random sampling. Instrument used in this study was a product trial questionnaire, using a Likert scale which was then assessed by experts and observers of the virtual hologram box technology media

Results. Validation results showed an average value of 84% with a very good category, the results of small-scale group trials showed an average gain from experts and observers of 77.5% with a good category and the results of large-scale group trials showed an average gain percentage from experts and observers of 81% with a very good category and the product can be used without experiencing any problems.

Conclusions. Findings of this trial emphasize that the integration of interactive technology such as virtual hologram box can be a solution to enrich conventional and limited physical fitness teaching methods. The use of this technology allows students to be more actively involved in the learning process, and helps teachers in delivering materials in a more interesting and innovative way. For future research, the development of hologram technology should be able to visualize 3D animation, and can be tested at a higher level.