Indonesian Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science

Effect of Using Indirect Mental Training to Learn Football skills

2025-07-04T16:10:16+00:00

Study purpose. The research is aiming to reveal effect of using mental training indirectly in learning some basic football skills and to compare in post-test between two research groups to learn some basic football skills among second-grade middle school students.

Materials and methods. The researcher used experimental method for its suitability to nature of research. The research community is represented by second-grade middle school students at Al-Furat Intermediate School for Boys for academic year (2024-2025), numbering (95) students distributed among three sections. The research sample consisted of sections (A, B), which were selected by lottery. Thus, the sample number reached (65) students. A number of sample members were excluded due to their lack of equivalence with sample, in addition to excluding students from section (C), who were selected as a sample for stability and exploratory experiments. Thus, final sample number reached (24) students divided into two groups, an experimental and a control group, with (12) students for each group, at a percentage of (25.263%) of original community. The proposed program was distributed by lottery. The educational programs took six weeks to implement, with two educational units per week for each group, each unit lasted 45 minutes.

Results. The results obtained reveal significant differences between results of pre- and post-tests for two research groups in learning skills of side throw and ball control, in favor of post-test. attributed to effectiveness of educational programs used and clear impact on learning and developing skills of side throw and ball control in soccer. The players benefited from educational component through explanation and presentation, through instructions and guidance, or through use of educational videos or educational images. These educational methods helped players form a complete understanding of selected skills.

Conclusion. Concluded that educational programs implemented on two research groups had a positive impact on learning the side throw and Ball control skills in soccer. The experimental group, which used an indirect mental training program accompanied by skill exercises, outperformed the control group, which used traditional method skill exercises program only.

The Effect of the Traditional Game of Bola Nyawa on Improving Motor Skills

2025-07-22T08:01:08+00:00

Study purpose. Traditional games are now rarely played, even though they contain educational and social values, as they often involve physical activity, strategic planning, teamwork, agility, and bring a unique sense of joy. This study aims to describe the process and learning outcomes through traditional games in improving the motor skills of students at SD Negeri Kalemba, particularly fifth-grade students.

Materials and methods. This study uses the Classroom Action Research method and uses a total sampling technique. The traditional game applied in this study is the Bola Nyawa game. The instrument used in this study is a motor skills test, with a sample of 5 students from Kalemba State Elementary School, Langgudu District, Bima Regency, the data analysis technique uses the SPSS version 22 application.

Result. Based on the significance value of the two-tailed test, the results obtained were 0.002; 0.001; and 0.003, all of which were smaller than 0.05 (sig < 0.05). The results of the study show that the traditional Bola Nyawa game can improve children's motor skills, which is indicated by the rejection of the null hypothesis (Ho) and the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (Ha)

Conclusion. Thus, it can be concluded that the traditional game Bola Nyawa has a significant influence on improving students' motor skills.

Effectiveness of TGFU Model in Improving Playing Skills and Motivation to Learn Volleyball in Senior High School

2025-08-06T06:08:17+00:00

The Effect of Boot Camp Training on Enhancing Physical and Coordinative Abilities and the 200-Meter Event Performance of Female Students

2025-07-22T08:05:59+00:00

Study Purpose. Through this instructional engagement, the researcher identified a noticeable deficiency in both physical and coordinative abilities, which appeared to adversely affect athletic performance particularly in the 200-meter sprint. This prompted the researcher to explore contemporary methods for enhancing these capacities. Among the approaches identified, Boot Camp training a high-intensity regimen emerged as a promising strategy capable of contributing effectively to this area of physical development.

Materials and Methods. The researcher designed a boot camp training program targeting the enhancement of physical and coordinative skills among fourth-year female students. The program was applied, and its impact was measured through pre-and post-intervention assessments of the variables under investigation.

Results. The findings revealed that boot camp training had a positive effect on the development of both physical and coordinative abilities. This improvement was also evident in the students’ enhanced performance in the 200-meter event.

Conclusions. The study concluded that boot camp training is an effective method for improving physical and motor abilities, especially those related to event-specific sprint performance. Based on these results, the researcher recommends emphasizing fitness components associated with running and prioritizing the development of physical and motor capacities in female students’ training programs.

Survey of Physical Fitness Levels of Deaf Students at SDLB Putra Pancasila

2025-06-21T02:00:42+00:00

Study purpose. This study aims to describe the physical fitness levels of deaf students at SDLB Putra Pancasila.

Materials and methods. The method used was a descriptive survey with data collection techniques in the form of physical fitness tests that have been adapted for children with special needs, such as the Eurofit test, which includes the Bent Arm Hang Test, Sit & Reach, Harvard Step Test, 50-metre run, and Flamingo Balance Test.

Results. The survey results indicate that most deaf students at SDLB Putra Pancasila fall into the low to moderate physical fitness category. This finding aligns with similar studies at other special schools, which suggest that low daily physical activity levels and limited sports facilities also influence the physical fitness outcomes of deaf students.

Conclusion. This study recommends the need to enhance adaptive physical education programmes and provide adequate sports facilities to support improvements in the physical fitness of deaf students at SDLB Putra Pancasila.

Effect of Eccentric Isometric Exercises on Developing Legs Muscle Endurance and 800m Running Performance in Youth

2025-07-04T01:32:33+00:00

Study purpose. This study aims to enhancing muscle strength, particularly endurance, to achieve the desired 800-meter running feat through the use of appropriate and effective exercises that address muscle contraction in the direction of movement, as in eccentric isotonic exercises.

Materials and methods. To achieve the research objectives and address the problem, the researcher used the experimental method with an equivalent control and experimental group design. The researcher defined the research population as (10) youth runners (800 meters) at Al-Qurna Sports Club. Then the sample was selected, which amounted to (8) players, and (2) players were excluded due to the achievement achieved, which affects homogeneity and equivalence. The sample was divided randomly into two groups, a control and an experimental group, with (4) players for each group.

Results. Results of research showed that there was an improvement for the control and experimental groups in the research variables, especially the strength endurance of the legs and the achievement in running (800 meters). This is evidence of the success of the exercises used for both groups, which achieved the objectives of the training used.

Conclusion. This study found Eccentric isotonic exercises achieved the training goal of developing leg muscle endurance and completing the 800-meter run for young men. It was recommended that Eccentric isotonic exercises be adopted because they achieved the training goal of developing leg muscle endurance and completing the 800-meter run for young men.

Risk Analysis of Knee Injury in Badminton Jumping Smash

2025-08-11T06:02:34+00:00

Study purpose. This study aims to analyse the risk of knee injury during the landing phase of the jumping smash movement in athletes from the CPLUSco Badminton Club in Semarang. The jumping smash is a highly explosive and effective attacking technique in the game, but it carries a high risk of injury, particularly to the knee joint due to the pressure exerted during landing.

Materials and Methods. This study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a sample of 10 male athletes aged 14–18 years, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through motion capture using a Sony A6000 camera and analysed using Kinovea software version 0.9.5. The primary focus of the study was the landing phase, with biomechanical indicators including landing time (s), right and left knee flexion angles (°), and inter-leg distance during landing (cm).

Results. This study found that the optimal landing duration was in the range of 0.20–0.36 seconds, but there was a mismatch in knee angle and foot position, which was a significant risk factor for knee injury.

Conclusion. The conclusion of this study found that biomechanical evaluation needs to be conducted regularly to reduce the risk of injury.

Speed-Strength Training and Its Impact on Developing Speed-Specific Power in the Arms and Legs, and the Performance of the Overhand Serve and Blocking Skills in Volleyball

2025-08-21T01:51:43+00:00

Study purpose. This study aimed to identify and design speed-strength exercises that develop speed-strength in the arms and legs of the research sample, and to enhance the skill performance of the tennis overhand serve and blocking in volleyball.

Materials and Methods. The researcher employed an experimental design with pre- and post-tests, applying a training program consisting of 24 units over 8 weeks. The sample included 12 first-grade middle school players. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).

Results. The speed-strength exercises significantly improved arm and leg speed-strength among the participants. Additionally, the exercises had a positive effect on the accuracy of the overhand serve in tennis and blocking skills in volleyball.

Conclusions. Speed-strength exercises are effective for enhancing both physical capabilities and technical performance, particularly for the overhand serve and blocking skills. It is recommended that coaches integrate such exercises into training programs to develop speed-strength as a core component of athletic performance.

The Effect of a Rehabilitation Exercise Program Using Reflexology Massage on Lower Back Pain

2025-08-21T01:50:49+00:00

Study Purpose. Therapeutic exercise is identified as one of the main rehabilitative approaches that returns the body to its original state, normal, functional and physiological equilibrium and minimizes pain. As a modern scientific field Reflexology by restorative analytic sessions in the pain conditions such as the back pain. massage has proven itself both in health and clinical treatment for corresponding body parts reflex and also has showed effectiveness Hence, the purpose of the current study was to improve lumbar spine rehabilitation as well as the reduction of lower back pain by sampling a number of women aged 50–60 years from Al-Salam Center for Therapy and Rehabilitation. The participants were examined with pre-test for both groups, after the six-weeks rehabilitation program performed, consisted of therapeutic exercises and reflexology massage. Post-test evaluations were conducted at the end of the program to assess the effects of the intervention.

Materials and Methods. The research method was experimental in design and a single-group pre-test/post-test. The research consisted of a muscular strength test conducted with a force sensor, the Kinova software in the analysis of the ROM angles, and a pain assessment form used in the evaluation of the pain felt by the participants. A purposive sampling method was used in the selection of six female participants aged 50-60 years from the total eight. The data collection was analyzed in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) in a comparison of the pre-test and post-test.

Results. The findings showed statistically significant differences in pre- and post-tests across the measured variables. These findings indicate a significant enhancement in the strength of the spinal muscles, an increase in range of motion (ROM), and a reduction in lower back pain among the participants.

Conclusions. Results show that the implemented rehabilitation program helps to increase spinal muscle strength, flexibility, and pain intensity in patients with low back pain.

The Neurocognitive Effect Of Augmented Visual Feedback On Learning The Back Handspring Skill In Gymnastics Among College Students Diverse Learning Methods

2025-09-09T08:39:54+00:00

Study purpose. This study examines the impact of enhanced visual feedback on learning the back handspring in gymnastics among female students, focusing on the interaction between learning styles (visual, auditory, sensory/kinesthetic) and performance improvement.

Materials and methods. Thirty second-year female students were divided into three groups based on their learning style (visual, auditory, sensory/kinesthetic). The study used the VARK scale, EMG device for muscle response measurement, slow-motion video for visual feedback, and performance evaluation forms. Pre- and post-tests were conducted, with feedback tailored to each group's learning style.

Results. Significant improvements were observed in all groups. The Visual Group showed the highest improvement (p < 0.01), followed by the Kinesthetic Group (p < 0.01), and the Auditory Group (p < 0.05). ANOVA revealed significant differences between groups (p < 0.01). The Visual and Kinesthetic Groups showed an inverse relationship between response time and performance accuracy, while the Auditory Group did not.

Conclusions. The study concluded that visual feedback significantly enhances motor skill learning, particularly for visual learners. Sensory feedback also contributed to performance improvement. The Visual Group showed the best results, highlighting the importance of aligning teaching methods with learning styles for optimal performance. EMG data confirmed that visual and sensory feedback improves neuromuscular response speed and accuracy.